Determine the ISO codes for a location

When you send a request to the OpenCage geocoding API with each result we return various ISO codes (if possible, see the note below about locations that are not part of any country) various fields about the country of the result.

Specifically, within the components portion of each result we return

• ISO_3166-1_alpha-3
  the ISO 3116-1 alpha-3 code for the territory. Example value: DEU
• ISO_3166-1_alpha-2
  the ISO 3116-1 alpha-2 code for the territory. Example value: DE
• ISO_3166-2
  a list of ISO 3116-2 codes for the territory. Example value: [ 'DE-NI' ]
  Note that while most countries have only a single unique ISO 3166-2 value for each location, some countries have multiple levels. Examples in Great Britain, Spain, and France. For example a location in Barcelona, Spain returns [ 'ES-CT', 'ES-B' ]. 'ES-CT' is the code for the autonomous community (state) of Catalonia, 'ES-B' is the code for the province (county) of Barcelona.
• country_code
  a two-letter code for the country. Example value: de

You may ask, why return both the alpha-2 code and the country_code? For historical reasons many territories have their own ISO 3116-1 codes, despite legally being part of another country. An example is Puerto Rico which has alpha-2 code PR, despite being part of the United States US.

Many areas of the world are disputed or claimed by more than one country. In this case our geocoding API returns whatever in in OpenStreetMap. You can see a list of disputed territories on the OpenStreetMap wiki Our API returns whichever country OpenStreetMap deams to be valid.

It's worth nothing that the process of assigning ISO codes is not particularly quick, it may be some time before a "new" country has an official ISO code. As an example, Kosovo, recognized as a sovereign state by 98 UN member states, does not yet have an official ISO code. In this case we return just a country_code.

Surprisingly, most of the world - the oceans and Antartica - does not belong to any country. In this case our geocoder will return neither a country value, nor ISO_3166-1_alpha-2, ISO_3166-1_alpha-3, or country_code values in the components portion of the API result.

Here's a small example of making a reverse geocoding request to the OpenCage API in javascript to determine the ISO codes of the location.
We also have SDKs for over 30 other programming languages.

<script>
  var api_key = 'YOUR-API-KEY';
  var coords = '50.97755,11.32860';  // lat,lng

  var api_url = 'https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json'

  var request_url = api_url
    + '?'
    + 'key=' + api_key
    + '&q=' + encodeURIComponent(coords)
    + '&pretty=1'
    + '&no_annotations=1';

  // see full list of required and optional parameters:
  // https://opencagedata.com/api#forward

  var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
  request.open('GET', request_url, true);

  request.onload = function() {
      // see full list of possible response codes:
      // https://opencagedata.com/api#codes
      var data = JSON.parse(request.responseText);
      if (request.status === 200){  // Success!
          var iso_a2 = 'no country returned';
          if (data.results[0].components.ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 != null){
              iso_a2 = data.results[0].components.ISO_3166-1_alpha-2;
          }
          console.log('iso_alpha2: ' + iso_a2);
      } else {
          console.log("unable to geocode! Response code: " + request.status);
          console.log('error msg: ' + data.status.message);
      }
  };

  request.onerror = function() {
      // There was a connection error of some sort
      console.log("unable to connect to server");
  };
  request.send();  // make the request
</script>